| more general categories |
information about this item |
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| 10. Noble Prize |
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10. Noble Prize |
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Physics (209) |
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| 11. Award Year |
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11. Award Year |
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1922 (6) |
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| 12. Winner Type |
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12. Winner Type |
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Person (904) |
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| 13. Gender |
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13. Gender |
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Male (853) |
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| 14. Birth Year |
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14. Birth Year |
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1885 (5) |
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| 15. Place of Birth |
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15. Place of Birth |
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Copenhagen (3) |
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| 16. Death Year |
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16. Death Year |
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1962 (4) |
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| 17. Place of Death |
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17. Place of Death |
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Copenhagen (9) |
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| 19. Given Name |
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19. Given Name |
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N (18) |
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| 20. Family Name |
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20. Family Name |
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B (80) |
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| 21. Shared Given Name |
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21. Shared Given Name |
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Niels (3) |
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| 22. Shared Family Name |
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22. Shared Family Name |
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Bohr (2) |
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| 23. Religion |
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23. Religion |
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Apostasy in Catholicism (17) |
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| 24. Age at Award Time |
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24. Age at Award Time |
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38 (7) |
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| 30. Father - Son Winners |
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30. Father - Son Winners |
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Bohr (2) |
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| 32. Occupations |
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32. Occupations |
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Physicists (206) |
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| 33. Ethnic Origins |
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33. Ethnic Origins |
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Israel (197) |
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| 34. Citizens |
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34. Citizens |
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Denmark (12) |
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| 37. Worked for College or University |
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37. Worked for College or University |
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Copenhagen University (3) |
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| 42. Affilliation with College or University |
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42. Affilliation with College or University |
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Alumni (12) |
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Long-term academic staff (8) |
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Short-term academic staff (54) |
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Long-term academic staff (13) |
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| 44. Memberships |
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44. Memberships |
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Academy of Sciences of the USSR (80) |
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Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (36) |
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American Academy of Arts and Sciences (531) |
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American Philosophical Society (126) |
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Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (67) |
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German Academy of Sciences at Berlin (32) |
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German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (179) |
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Hungarian Academy of Sciences (61) |
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Indian National Science Academy (36) |
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Lincean Academy (51) |
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National Academy of Sciences (334) |
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Pontifical Academy of Sciences (83) |
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Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters (13) |
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Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (64) |
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Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (6) |
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Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences (54) |
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Royal Society (294) |
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Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (111) |
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Russian Academy of Sciences (144) |
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| 45. Other Awards |
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45. Other Awards |
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Atoms for Peace Award (7) |
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Copley Medal (60) |
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Faraday Lectureship Prize (22) |
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Franklin Medal (45) |
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Helmholtz Medal (15) |
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Hughes Medal (29) |
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Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Falcon (3) |
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Matteucci Medal (29) |
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Max Planck Medal (20) |
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Niels Bohr International Gold Medal (8) |
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Order of the Elephant (2) |
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Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts (65) |
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| complete name: |
Niels Henrik David Bohr |
| nobel prize: |
physics |
| award year: |
1922 |
| prize share: |
Prize share: 1/1 |
| rational: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922 was awarded to Niels Henrik David Bohr "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them." |
| biography: |
Biography |
| laureate facts: |
Facts |
| laureate lecture: |
Lecture |
| birth name: |
Niels Henrik David Bohr |
| given name: |
Niels |
| family name: |
Bohr |
| pseudonym: |
Nicholas Baker |
| occupation: |
physicist |
| occupation: |
university teacher |
| occupation: |
nuclear scientist |
| field of work: |
theoretical physics |
| field of work: |
atomic physics |
| work location: |
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Municipality, Denmark |
| notable work: |
Bohr model |
| description: |
Niels Henrik David Bohr was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another. Although the Bohr model has been supplanted by other models, its underlying principles remain valid. He conceived the principle of complementarity: that items could be separately analysed in terms of contradictory properties, like behaving as a wave or a stream of particles. The notion of complementarity dominated Bohr's thinking in both science and philosophy. Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the existence of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the element bohrium was named after him. During the 1930s, Bohr helped refugees from Nazism. After Denmark was occupied by the Germans, he had a famous meeting with Heisenberg, who had become the head of the German nuclear weapon project. In September 1943, word reached Bohr that he was about to be arrested by the Germans, and he fled to Sweden. From there, he was flown to Britain, where he joined the British Tube Alloys nuclear weapons project, and was part of the British mission to the Manhattan Project. After the war, Bohr called for international cooperation on nuclear energy. He was involved with the establishment of CERN and the Research Establishment Risø of the Danish Atomic Energy Commission, and became the first chairman of the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics in 1957. |
| pronunciation: |
(Danish: [nels ˈb̥oɐ̯ˀ]) |
| image copyright: |
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. |
| image citation: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1922/summary/> |
| date birth: |
1885 |
| date death: |
1962 |
| usual name: |
Niels Bohr |
