| more general categories |
information about this item |
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| 10. Noble Prize |
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10. Noble Prize |
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Physics (209) |
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| 11. Award Year |
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11. Award Year |
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1944 (6) |
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| 12. Winner Type |
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12. Winner Type |
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Person (904) |
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| 13. Gender |
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13. Gender |
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Male (853) |
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| 14. Birth Year |
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14. Birth Year |
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1898 (7) |
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| 15. Place of Birth |
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15. Place of Birth |
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Rymanów (1) |
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| 16. Death Year |
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16. Death Year |
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1988 (7) |
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| 17. Place of Death |
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17. Place of Death |
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New York City (24) |
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| 19. Given Name |
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19. Given Name |
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I (15) |
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| 20. Family Name |
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20. Family Name |
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R (44) |
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| 23. Religion |
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23. Religion |
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Judaism (160) |
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| 24. Age at Award Time |
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24. Age at Award Time |
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47 (22) |
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| 32. Occupations |
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32. Occupations |
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Physicists (206) |
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| 33. Ethnic Origins |
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33. Ethnic Origins |
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Israel (197) |
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| 34. Citizens |
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34. Citizens |
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United States (307) |
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| 37. Worked for College or University |
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37. Worked for College or University |
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Columbia University (18) |
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| 42. Affilliation with College or University |
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42. Affilliation with College or University |
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Short-term academic staff (4) |
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Short-term academic staff (8) |
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Short-term academic staff (10) |
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Short-term academic staff (26) |
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Short-term academic staff (14) |
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Short-term academic staff (38) |
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Alumni (18) |
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Alumni (43) |
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Long-term academic staff (33) |
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| 44. Memberships |
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44. Memberships |
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American Academy of Arts and Sciences (531) |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (95) |
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American Philosophical Society (126) |
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American Physical Society (113) |
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National Academy of Sciences (334) |
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| 45. Other Awards |
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45. Other Awards |
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Atoms for Peace Award (7) |
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Elliott Cresson Medal (30) |
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Fellow of the American Physical Society (107) |
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Four Freedoms Award - Freedom from Fear (4) |
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Niels Bohr International Gold Medal (8) |
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Oersted Medal (8) |
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Officer of the Legion of Honour (26) |
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Public Welfare Medal (2) |
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Richtmyer Memorial Award (23) |
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| complete name: |
Isidor Isaac Rabi |
| nobel prize: |
physics |
| award year: |
1944 |
| prize share: |
Prize share: 1/1 |
| rational: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944 was awarded to Isidor Isaac Rabi "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei." |
| biography: |
Biography |
| laureate facts: |
Facts |
| laureate lecture: |
Lecture |
| given name: |
Isidor |
| family name: |
Rabi |
| occupation: |
physicist |
| occupation: |
university teacher |
| occupation: |
nuclear scientist |
| occupation: |
theoretical physicist |
| field of work: |
atomic physics |
| work location: |
Columbia University, West 116 St and Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, United States of America |
| description: |
Isidor Isaac Rabi was an American physicist and Nobel laureate, recognized in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is used in magnetic resonance imaging. He was also one of the first scientists in the US to work on the cavity magnetron, which is used in microwave radar and microwave ovens. Born into a traditional Jewish family in Rymanów, Galicia, in what was then part of Austria-Hungary, Rabi came to the United States as a baby and was raised in New York's Lower East Side. He entered Cornell University as an electrical engineering student in 1916, but soon switched to chemistry. Later, he became interested in physics. He continued his studies at Columbia University, where he was awarded his doctorate for a thesis on the magnetic susceptibility of certain crystals. In 1927, he headed for Europe, where he met and worked with many of the finest physicists of the time. In 1929 Rabi returned to the United States, where Columbia offered him a faculty position. In collaboration with Gregory Breit, he developed the Breit-Rabi equation and predicted that the Stern-Gerlach experiment could be modified to confirm the properties of the atomic nucleus. His techniques for using nuclear magnetic resonance to discern the magnetic moment and nuclear spin of atoms earned him a Nobel Prize for Physics in 1944. Nuclear magnetic resonance became an important tool for nuclear physics and chemistry. The subsequent development of magnetic resonance imaging from it has made it important to medicine as well. During World War II he worked on radar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Radiation Laboratory (RadLab) and on the Manhattan Project. After the war, he served on the General Advisory Committee (GAC) of the Atomic Energy Commission, and was chairman from 1952 to 1956. He also served on the Science Advisory Committees (SACs) of the Office of Defense Mobilization and the Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory, and was Science Advisor to President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was involved with the establishment of the Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1946, and later, as United States delegate to UNESCO, with the creation of CERN in 1952. When Columbia created the rank of University Professor in 1964, Rabi was the first to receive such a chair. A special chair was named after him in 1985. He retired from teaching in 1967 but remained active in the department and held the title of University Professor Emeritus and Special Lecturer until his death. |
| pronunciation: |
(/ˈrɑːbi/) |
| image copyright: |
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. |
| image citation: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1944/summary/> |
| date birth: |
1898 |
| date death: |
1988 |
| usual name: |
Isidor Rabi |
