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more general categories information about this item 10. Noble Prize 10. Noble Prize Physics (209) 11. Award Year 11. Award Year 1950s (72) 1959 (7) 12. Winner Type 12. Winner Type Person (904) 13. Gender 13. Gender Male (853) 14. Birth Year 14. Birth Year 1900s (92) 1905 (11) 15. Place of Birth 15. Place of Birth Europe (459) Europe, southern (30) Italy (19) Tivoli (1) 16. Death Year 16. Death Year 1980s (66) 1989 (8) 17. Place of Death 17. Place of Death North America (223) United States (214) Western states (63) California (53) Lafayette (2) 19. Given Name 19. Given Name E-K (339) E (55) 20. Family Name 20. Family Name S-Z (212) S (103) 23. Religion 23. Religion Religious group (353) Apostasy in Catholicism (17) 24. Age at Award Time 24. Age at Award Time 50 - 59 (231) 55 (29) 32. Occupations 32. Occupations Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations (601) Physical Scientists (333) Astronomers and Physicists (222) Physicists (206) 33. Ethnic Origins 33. Ethnic Origins Asia (244) Middle East (197) Israel (197) Europe (33) Europe, southern (20) Italy (20) 34. Citizens 34. Citizens North America (328) United States (307) 37. Worked for College or University 37. Worked for College or University North America (309) United States (303) Western states (85) California (81) University of California (39) University of California Berkeley (19) 42. Affilliation with College or University 42. Affilliation with College or University Europe (535) Europe, southern (24) Italy (15) Rome (12) Sapienza University of Rome (12) Alumni (4) Long-term academic staff (6) North America (529) United States (521) Midwestern states (201) Illinois (131) University of Illinois (30) Urbana-Champaign (30) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (30) Short-term academic staff (13) Northeastern states (374) New York (216) New York City (168) Columbia University (96) Short-term academic staff (38) Western states (262) California (253) University of California (159) Berkeley (107) University of California, Berkeley (107) Long-term academic staff (40) 44. Memberships 44. Memberships A-D (656) A (635) Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (36) American Academy of Arts and Sciences (531) American Physical Society (113) E-P (571) H (88) Heidelberg Academy for Sciences and Humanities (28) I (60) International Academy of the History of Science (7) 45. Other Awards 45. Other Awards A-B (362) A (285) August Wilhelm von Hofmann Medal (12) E-F (439) F (394) Fellow of the American Physical Society (107) I-J (268) J (208) John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship (102) Q-Z (398) R (196) Richtmyer Memorial Award (23) complete name: Emilio Gino Segrè nobel prize: physics award year: 1959 together with: Owen Chamberlain prize share: Prize share: 1/2 rational: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959 was awarded jointly to Emilio Gino Segrè and Owen Chamberlain "for their discovery of the antiproton." biography: Biography laureate facts: Facts laureate lecture: Lecture given name: Emilio family name: Segrè occupation: physicist occupation: university teacher occupation: nuclear scientist field of work: physics work location: University of California, Berkeley, 200 California Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States of America description: Emilio Gino Segrè was an Italian physicist and Nobel laureate who discovered the elements technetium and astatine, and the antiproton, a sub-atomic antiparticle, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1959.From 1943 to 1946 he worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory as a group leader for the Manhattan Project. He found in April 1944 that Thin Man, the proposed plutonium gun-type nuclear weapon, would not work because of the presence of plutonium-240 impurities. Born in Tivoli, near Rome, Segrè studied engineering at the University of Rome La Sapienza before taking up physics in 1927. Segrè was appointed assistant professor of physics at the University of Rome in 1932 and worked there until 1936, becoming one of the Via Panisperna boys. From 1936 to 1938 he was Director of the Physics Laboratory at the University of Palermo. After a visit to Ernest O. Lawrence's Berkeley Radiation Laboratory, he was sent a molybdenum strip from the laboratory's cyclotron deflector in 1937 which was emitting anomalous forms of radioactivity. After careful chemical and theoretical analysis, Segrè was able to prove that some of the radiation was being produced by a previously unknown element, dubbed technetium, which was the first artificially synthesized chemical element which does not occur in nature. In 1938, Benito Mussolini's fascist government passed anti-Semitic laws barring Jews from university positions. As a Jew, Segrè was now rendered an indefinite émigré. At the Berkeley Radiation Lab, Lawrence offered him a job as a Research Assistant. While at Berkeley, Segrè helped discover the element astatine and the isotope plutonium-239, which was later used to make the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki. In 1944, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. On his return to Berkeley in 1946, he became a professor of physics and of history of science, serving until 1972. Segrè and Owen Chamberlain were co-heads of a research group at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory that discovered the antiproton, for which the two shared the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics. Segrè was also active as a photographer, and took many photos documenting events and people in the history of modern science, which were donated to the American Institute of Physics after his death. The American Institute of Physics named its photographic archive of physics history in his honor. image copyright: Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. image citation: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1959/summary/> date birth: 1905 date death: 1989 usual name: Emilio Segrè
