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more general categories information about this item 10. Noble Prize 10. Noble Prize Physiology or Medicine (216) 11. Award Year 11. Award Year 1930s (56) 1934 (6) 12. Winner Type 12. Winner Type Person (904) 13. Gender 13. Gender Male (853) 14. Birth Year 14. Birth Year 1890s (65) 1892 (8) 15. Place of Birth 15. Place of Birth North America (290) United States (268) Midwestern states (70) Wisconsin (7) Stoughton (1) 16. Death Year 16. Death Year 1980s (66) 1987 (8) 17. Place of Death 17. Place of Death North America (223) United States (214) Northeastern states (77) Massachusetts (29) Brookline (2) 19. Given Name 19. Given Name S-Z (143) W (48) 20. Family Name 20. Family Name L-R (258) M (84) 21. Shared Given Name 21. Shared Given Name S-Z (69) W (37) William (20) 23. Religion 23. Religion z-Missing value reason (465) Source data not available (465) 24. Age at Award Time 24. Age at Award Time 40 - 49 (140) 43 (15) 32. Occupations 32. Occupations Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations (70) Healthcare Diagnosing or Treating Practitioners (69) Physicians (65) 34. Citizens 34. Citizens North America (328) United States (307) 37. Worked for College or University 37. Worked for College or University North America (309) United States (303) Northeastern states (122) Massachusetts (62) Harvard University (38) Harvard Medical School (9) Brigham and Women’s Hospital (2) 42. Affilliation with College or University 42. Affilliation with College or University North America (529) United States (521) Northeastern states (374) Massachusetts (226) Cambridge (217) Harvard (159) Alumni (77) Long-term academic staff (53) 44. Memberships 44. Memberships E-P (571) G (195) German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (179) complete name: William Parry Murphy nobel prize: medicine award year: 1934 together with: George Minot together with: George Whipple prize share: Prize share: 1/3 rational: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934 was awarded jointly to George Hoyt Whipple, George Richards Minot and William Parry Murphy "for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia." biography: Biography laureate facts: Facts laureate lecture: Lecture given name: William family name: Murphy occupation: physician work location: Harvard University, Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA, 02138, United States of America description: William Parry Murphy was an American physician who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Richards Minot and George Hoyt Whipple for their combined work in devising and treating macrocytic anemia (specifically, pernicious anemia). Murphy was born on February 6, 1892, at Stoughton, Wisconsin. He was educated at the public schools of Wisconsin and Oregon. He completed his A.B. degree in 1914 from the University of Oregon. He completed his M.D. in 1922 from Harvard Medical School. In 1924, Murphy bled dogs to make them anemic (work inspired by war injury work), and then fed them various substances to gauge their improvement. He discovered that ingesting large amounts of liver seemed to restore anemia more quickly of all foods. Minot and Whipple then set about to chemically isolate the curative substance. These investigations showed that iron in the liver was responsible for curing anemia from bleeding, but meanwhile liver had been tried on people with pernicious anemia and some effect as seen there, also. The active ingredient in this case, found serendipitously, was not iron, but rather a water-soluble extract containing a new substance. From this extract, chemists were ultimately were able to isolate vitamin B12 from the liver. Even before the vitamin had been completely characterized, the knowledge that raw liver and its extracts treated pernicious anemia (previously a terminal disease) was a major advance in medicine. Murphy married Pearl Harriett Adams on September 10, 1919. They had a son, William P. Murphy Jr., and a daughter, Priscilla Adams. image copyright: Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. image citation: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1934/summary/> date birth: 1892 date death: 1987 usual name: William Murphy
