| more general categories |
information about this item |
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| 10. Noble Prize |
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10. Noble Prize |
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Physics (209) |
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| 11. Award Year |
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11. Award Year |
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1925 (6) |
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| 12. Winner Type |
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12. Winner Type |
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Person (904) |
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| 13. Gender |
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13. Gender |
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Male (853) |
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| 14. Birth Year |
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14. Birth Year |
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1882 (4) |
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| 15. Place of Birth |
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15. Place of Birth |
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Hamburg (6) |
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| 16. Death Year |
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16. Death Year |
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1964 (5) |
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| 17. Place of Death |
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17. Place of Death |
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Göttingen (7) |
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| 19. Given Name |
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19. Given Name |
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J (95) |
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| 20. Family Name |
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20. Family Name |
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F (33) |
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| 21. Shared Given Name |
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21. Shared Given Name |
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James (15) |
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| 23. Religion |
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23. Religion |
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Apostasy in Catholicism (17) |
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| 24. Age at Award Time |
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24. Age at Award Time |
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44 (9) |
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| 32. Occupations |
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32. Occupations |
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Physicists (206) |
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| 33. Ethnic Origins |
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33. Ethnic Origins |
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Israel (197) |
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| 34. Citizens |
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34. Citizens |
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Germany (98) |
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| 37. Worked for College or University |
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37. Worked for College or University |
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University of Göttingen (5) |
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| 42. Affilliation with College or University |
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42. Affilliation with College or University |
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Alumni (32) |
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Long-term academic staff (20) |
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Long-term academic staff (12) |
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Alumni (15) |
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Short-term academic staff (26) |
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Long-term academic staff (14) |
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Long-term academic staff (45) |
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| 44. Memberships |
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44. Memberships |
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Academy of Sciences of the USSR (80) |
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American Academy of Arts and Sciences (531) |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (95) |
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American Philosophical Society (126) |
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American Physical Society (113) |
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German Academy of Sciences at Berlin (32) |
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German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (179) |
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Göttingen Academy of Sciences (26) |
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Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences (54) |
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Royal Society (294) |
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Russian Academy of Sciences (144) |
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| 45. Other Awards |
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45. Other Awards |
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Dannie-Heineman-Preis (7) |
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Max Planck Medal (20) |
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Rumford Prize (16) |
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| complete name: |
James Franck |
| nobel prize: |
physics |
| award year: |
1925 |
| together with: |
Gustav Ludwig Hertz |
| prize share: |
Prize share: 1/2 |
| rational: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 was awarded jointly to James Franck and Gustav Ludwig Hertz "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom." |
| biography: |
Biography |
| laureate facts: |
Facts |
| laureate lecture: |
Lecture |
| given name: |
James |
| family name: |
Franck |
| occupation: |
physicist |
| occupation: |
university teacher |
| field of work: |
physics |
| work location: |
Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218-2688, United States of America |
| description: |
James Franck was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom". He completed his doctorate in 1906 and his habilitation in 1911 at the Frederick William University in Berlin, where he lectured and taught until 1918, having reached the position of professor extraordinarius. He served as a volunteer in the German Army during World War I. He was seriously injured in 1917 in a gas attack and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class. Franck became the Head of the Physics Division of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft for Physical Chemistry. In 1920, Franck became professor ordinarius of experimental physics and Director of the Second Institute for Experimental Physics at the University of Göttingen. While there he worked on quantum physics with Max Born, who was Director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics. His work included the Franck-Hertz experiment, an important confirmation of the Bohr model of the atom. He promoted the careers of women in physics, notably Lise Meitner, Hertha Sponer and Hilde Levi. After the NSDAP came to power in Germany in 1933, Franck resigned his post in protest against the dismissal of fellow academics. He assisted Frederick Lindemann in helping dismissed Jewish scientists find work overseas, before he left Germany in November 1933. After a year at the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark, he moved to the United States, where he worked at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and then the University of Chicago. During this period he became interested in photosynthesis. Franck participated in the Manhattan Project during World War II as Director of the Chemistry Division of the Metallurgical Laboratory. He was also the chairman of the Committee on Political and Social Problems regarding the atomic bomb, which is best known for the compilation of the Franck Report, which recommended that the atomic bombs not be used on the Japanese cities without warning. |
| image copyright: |
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. |
| image citation: |
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2018. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1925/summary/> |
| date birth: |
1882 |
| date death: |
1964 |
| usual name: |
James Franck |
